Are We Sentenced to Pharmacotherapy? Promising Role of Lycopene and Vitamin A in Benign Urologic Conditions

Piotr Kutwin ^1,*, Piotr Falkowski ¹, Roman Łowicki ¹, Magdalena Borowiecka-Kutwin ² and Tomasz Konecki ¹.

¹1st Department of Urology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-549 Lodz, Poland; pfalkowski1@gmail.com (P.F.); roman.lowicki@umed.lodz.pl (R.Ł.); tomasz.konecki@umed.lodz.pl (T.K.) ²Department of Invasive Cardiology and Cardiac Arrhythmias, Medical University of Lodz, 90-549 Lodz, Poland; magdabor88@gmail.com * Correspondence: piotr.kutwin@umed.lodz.pl

Abstract

Benign prostatic hyperplasia, urolithiasis, recurrent urinary tract infections, and chronic prostatitis are diseases that are commonly diagnosed worldwide. Carotenoids, including lycopene, are widely available in fruits and vegetables, and it is postulated that they can be used in the prevention and treatment of benign urological conditions. The aim of this review is to familiarize doctors and their patients with the current knowledge on carotenoids and their conversion products in selected urological diseases. Most of the experimental and clinical trials show a moderate effect of lycopene and vitamin A on studied parameters. Lycopene was shown to improve the IPSS score in BPH patients, and alleviate symptoms in those with chronic prostatitis. Intake of Vitamin A was associated with decrease of urinary tract reinfection rates. In studied rat models retinol also decreased urolithiasis formation. Although the results of the cited studies are generally promising, it is evident that more detailed and extensive research must be done in this ﬁeld of medicine.

Keywords: carotenoids; lycopene; urology; benign prostate hyperplasia; urinary tract infections; urolithiasis; chronic prostatitis